Custom Electric Go-Kart

• Designed and built a custom electric go-kart
• Comprised of a wooden chaste, rear wheel turning, front wheel drive, 1kW motor
• Project consisted of the following timeline: 1 week for part selection, 1 week to gather and receive parts, 1 week for initial assembly, 2 weeks for iterations + fixes
• The go-kart has a ~2.5 meter turning radius, can go up to 20mph (32kmh), possesses a sturdy custom steering linkage, brakes quickly, and is water/weather resistant
• Stayed within a tight given budget of $1k for all parts and associated expenses

FPGA Hero

• Designed and built a program and hardware to simulate a game similar to Guitar Hero on a Spartan 7 FPGA
• Achieved 8 bit pdm 44khz audio, 1080p x 720p video resolution, and < 1 ms player input response time
• Audiovisual synchronization: the time difference between visual and audio output has been measured and guaranteed to stay within < 0.1 ms
• Built a custom wooden guitar controller with strap for the haptic feel/response. It is of accurate size and utilizes a joystick as a riff.

Custom Motor controller + driver

• Designed and built a fully functional motor controller purely with analog electronics
• Carefully calibrated and tested PID parameters for a fast and stable response. Completely stable and reliable closed feedback loop
• Resistant and adaptable to external torque to mantain user set speed
• Produced comprehensive documentation enabling reproducibility and further development of the system.

PSoC Entertainment System

• Designed and built a fully functional video game console using a Programmable System-on-Chip microcontroller.
• Implemented a robust VGA 640×480 video pipeline, a custom fault-tolerant bidirectional 9600-baud wireless protocol, and seamless 44.1 kHz PCM audio output using PWM.
• Developed a complete game engine in C featuring frame buffers, object-oriented patterns, register-level control, and manual memory management. Wrote over 1200 lines of code.
• Produced comprehensive documentation enabling reproducibility and further development of the system.

Augmented Reality Piano Player

• Developed an AR rhythm-game system that plays a song and overlays real-time piano notes using Snapdragon augmented-reality glasses.
• Designed a calibration workflow to precisely align virtual piano keys with the physical keyboard for accurate note placement.
• Wrote a Python MIDI-processing tool (200+ lines) to convert MIDI tracks into a timing-accurate, game-readable note sequence.
• Implemented pipelining and stalling techniques to reduce audiovisual latency, achieving synchronization within 0.1 ms.

LucidVR Haptic Glove

• Recreated and expanded upon Lucas De Bonet’s open-source design for a low-cost ($60) VR haptic glove.
• Wound a custom torsion-spring pulley system linking individual fingers to low-torque servos for accurate finger-position sensing and force-feedback response.
• Integrated an ESP32 with Bluetooth communication to transmit finger-position data to VR applications in real time.
• Added ergonomic and mechanical improvements to enhance comfort, durability, and overall usability of the device.

6.115: Microcomputer Project Lab

• Completed one of MIT’s most hands-on embedded systems courses, focused on designing elegant, reliable, and efficient hardware–software systems.
• Built a range of projects—including fluorescent lamp ballasts, multi-axis robotic arms, 3D scanning systems, and Fourier-transform visualizers—using generalizable embedded design techniques rather than platform-specific shortcuts.
• Developed strong proficiency in reading and interpreting IC datasheets, applying device characteristics safely and effectively in custom circuit designs.
• Produced detailed weekly engineering reports documenting system behavior, troubleshooting methodology, and experimental results across all lab assignments.

Smart Rock Display

• Designed and 3D-modeled a custom display box for showcasing rocks and other small collectible objects.
• Integrated an adjustable-sensitivity pressure plate for reliable object presence detection.
• Developed a simple LCD-based interface to configure LED lighting, display object descriptions, and manage stored entries.

Automatic Drink Mixer

• Collaborated in a team of five to design and build an automated drink-mixing machine capable of dispensing liquids from eight independent containers.
• Implemented a Raspberry Pi control system that operated servo-actuated valves, managing liquid flow through sterilized food-safe tubing.
• Applied fluid-dynamics–based timing calculations to achieve accurate, repeatable pour volumes across varying viscosities.
• Designed the Raspberry Pi interface and electronics control architecture, integrating hardware, valve actuation, and user interaction.

Mobile Autonomous Systems Laboratory

• Led a team of three to design and build an autonomous robot capable of detecting, picking up, and sorting red and green blocks.
• Designed and wired the full electronics system, integrating five motors and five strategically placed sensors for reliable perception and actuation.
• Implemented homography, color filtering, and edge-detection algorithms to extract visual features for high-level decision making.
• Developed a Raspberry Pi–based software stack, programmed and tested remotely via SSH, integrating perception, control, and state logic.
• Programmed a robust finite state machine (FSM) to manage autonomous behavior and action selection in real time.

Computation Structures Design Project

I programmed my own pipelined processor using Risk V assmebly in a low-level programming language called minispec. The processor takes a 32 bit input, decodes it into an instruction according to the format of Risk V assembly, executes the function, returns the information and writes to memory if necessary. I then used it to optimize an MNIST-dataset neural network inference engine. This allowed me to reduce the total runtime from over 20 Million nanoseconds to 269 thousand nanoseconds.

Domino Bot

I designed a bot that can play traditional dominoes. It contains one DC motor controlled by an esp32 board. The board sends inputs to an h-bridge that rotates a custom 3d printed lead screw, moving the second motor forwards and backwards to select which domino to knock over. The second motor is a standard servo motor that knocks over the selected domino when given an input from the esp32. When combined with an algorithm that finds the optimal play given any domino board, it can play dominos almost fully autonomously.

Blade-less turbine

For my internship of summer 2024, I designed and assembled a blade-less water/air turbine. It uses induced vortices in water/air currents to perpetuate motion in a system of harmonic oscillation with magnets. The kinetic energy from this oscillation can be harnessed and converted into electrical power. It is a preferable alternative to blade turbines, since it is projected to be significantly less harmful for any ecosystem in comparison to blade turbines.

Figurine of Steve from "Minecraft"

As a gift, I made a statue of a video game character. This character is made entirely out of wood, and has a hidden cirucit at the base that controls the lighting of the "torch" that it's holding. The circuit is an H bridge that is connected to a switch that has 3 states. At the first state, no current flows in the circuit. At the second state, current flows from the left to the right, illuminating the torch with blue and white lights. At the third state, Current flows from right to left, illuminating the torch with red and yellow lighs.

Machines used: Bandsaw and Miters saw for cutting the wood, drill press to make holes for wiring, 3d printer to print the base, and vinyl cutter to make stickers for painting the figure, giving it a pixelated look

Welded F, Pawn, Custom Keychain

I was trained on how to MIG Weld (Welded F), how to use a lathe (Pawn), and how to use a waterjet (Keychain). With this training, I made beginner projects to demonstrate my understanding of these machines. They now serve as decor for my living space

VR Bow

As a personal challenge, I was to make a demo for some project related to Virtual Reality in 24 hours. I decided to make a bow that is compatible with the Meta Quest 3 controllers, such that when you draw the string on the real bow, you draw the string on a virtual bow and can shoot an arrow.

Properties:

• The real bow has relatively little tension, so that dry firing the bow doesn't damage it.
• It is compatible with the game "Apex Construct", a VR archery game
• The tracking is highly accurate and responsive with regards to the Meta Quest 3's headset
• Firing the bow creates a resounding vibration, serving as a haptic response that adds to the realism

C and Assembly

Through this class, I learned how to program in C and wrote a series of programs onto an ESP32 board. These include:

• Mapping code to receive and interpret button/lever inputs and send outputs to a 8x32 LED board
• Made an ACII "keyboard" that takes 8 levers as an input that represents the 8 bits of an ASCII key, then mapped that ASCII key to a series of LED inputs onto the 8x32 LED board
• Replicated the internet game Snake: A snake of originally length 3 moves around in the board and is tasked with eating fruits randomly spawned on the board. Every time the snake eats a fruit, it grows by one unit, and if the snake bumps into the boundaries of the board or itself, it's game over. Also implemented a pause button.
• Streamlined the code from the first program by rewriting the code in Risc V Assembly, such that it runs signifcantly faster and has the same functionality.
• Recreated Conway's Game of Life, a computer simulation where every pixel turns on or off based on the number of the pixel's neighbors that are currently on. Written entirely in Assembly

Light-sensitive nameplate

As a gift, I designed a nameplate with a PLA base, acrylic letters, and a wooden top. The 3d printed design is split in pieces, which are connected via dovetail joints. Inside of the nameplate is a circuit that uses op-amps and photoresistors to illuminate the acrylic letters when the photoresistors detect that the light level falls under a certain threshhold. It also has a switch on the side to open and close the entire circuit.

Modular Ping-Pong table

As a personal project, I coordinated with a group of frineds to design and create a ping-pong table for our living community. I led the design of the structure, the decoration on the sides, and the final assembly. The structure is made entirely out of wood, aside from some of the decoration on the sides, which are acrylic. The table can dismantle into 8 different pieces: 3 arches (2 of which are attached to the MIT and 2027 Panel), 2 support beams (Which are attached to the side panels), 1 wooden table top, and 2 halves ping-pong table top.

Machines used: Bandsaw, Miters saw, Orbital sander, Drill press, and general hand tools for general woodworking, and a laser cutter for decorations.